Mark K. Lyons, M.D., a neurosurgeon at Mayo Clinic in Phoenix/Scottsdale, Arizona, describes the use of deep brain stimulation (DBS) as well as the latest advancements, including the use of segmented leads for more precision.

Deep brain stimulation is used to treat a variety of conditions, including essential tremor, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease and dystonia.

Awake surgery for deep brain stimulation involves a surgeon putting electrodes to a target area of the brain in order to stimulate and record brain activity. This helps the surgeon achieve the best response to manage patients' symptoms, with minimal side effects.

Mayo Clinic is pioneering segmented leads for deep brain stimulation, that allow for an asymmetric current. The leads allow for more-precise stimulation of a specific area of the brain, helping reduce side effects.